The above results are hypothetical and are intended for illustrative purposes only. The Hypothetical Growth of $10,000 chart reflects a hypothetical $10,000 investment and assumes reinvestment of dividends and capital gains. Fund expenses, including management fees and other expenses, were deducted. As a result of the risks and limitations inherent in hypothetical performance data, hypothetical results may differ from actual performance.

Unlike an actual performance record, simulated results do not represent actual performance and are generally prepared with the benefit of hindsight. In addition, hypothetical trading does not involve financial risk. There are frequently differences between simulated performance results and the actual results subsequently achieved by any particular fund. In addition, since trades have not actually been executed, simulated results cannot account for the impact of certain market risks such as lack of liquidity. There are numerous other factors related to the markets in general or the implementation of any specific investment strategy, which cannot be fully accounted for the in the preparation of simulated results and all of which can adversely affect actual results.